how to adjust brake drums

Dec . 10, 2024 10:04 Back to list

how to adjust brake drums

How to Adjust Brake Drums A Comprehensive Guide

Brake drums are crucial components of a vehicle’s braking system, particularly in older vehicles that use drum brakes instead of the more common disc brakes. Adjusting brake drums is essential for ensuring optimal performance, safety, and longevity of the braking mechanism. Here’s a comprehensive guide on how to adjust brake drums effectively.

Understanding Brake Drums

Before delving into the adjustment process, it's essential to understand what brake drums do. The brake drum is a cylindrical component that houses the brake shoes. When the driver presses the brake pedal, hydraulic pressure forces the brake shoes against the inner surface of the drum, creating friction and slowing down the vehicle. Over time, wear and tear can cause the brake shoes to become misaligned, leading to decreased braking efficiency and increased stopping distances.

Tools Required

Before you begin adjusting the brake drums, gather the necessary tools - A jack and jack stands - A lug wrench - A brake drum adjustment tool (or a flathead screwdriver) - A wrench set - Safety glasses and gloves

Step-by-Step Guide to Adjusting Brake Drums

1. Ensure Safety First

Start by parking your vehicle on a level surface and engaging the parking brake. To prevent any accidental movement, chock the wheels that will not be raised.

2. Raise the Vehicle

Using a jack, lift the rear or front of the vehicle (depending on whether you are adjusting the front or rear brake drums) and securely position jack stands beneath the vehicle to ensure stability.

3. Remove the Wheel

Loosen the lug nuts using a lug wrench and remove the wheel to access the brake drum. This may require additional effort if the nuts are rusted or overtightened.

4. Inspect the Brake Drum

how to adjust brake drums

Before making adjustments, inspect the brake drum and shoes for wear. Look for any signs of damage or scoring on the drum surface. If the shoes or drums are worn beyond repair, they should be replaced before adjustments are made.

5. Locate the Adjustment Mechanism

Most brake drums have an adjustment mechanism located either at the rear or side of the brake assembly. This mechanism may be a star wheel adjuster, which can be turned with a brake drum adjustment tool or a flathead screwdriver.

6. Adjust the Brake Shoes

- To Tighten Turn the adjuster mechanism to expand the brake shoes outwards, engaging them more closely with the drum. Make small adjustments and check the feel. - To Loosen If the brakes are dragging or you feel excessive resistance when turning the wheel, turn the adjuster in the opposite direction to retract the shoes.

7. Test the Adjustment

After adjusting, spin the brake drum by hand. It should turn freely with a slight resistance; if it feels too tight, readjust the shoes. Make sure that the brake shoes are adjusted evenly on both sides for optimal performance.

8. Reassemble the Components

Once properly adjusted, reattach the wheel and hand-tighten the lug nuts until snug. Lower the vehicle, and then finish tightening the lug nuts in a criss-cross pattern to ensure even attachment.

9. Test Drive

Before hitting the road, take a short test drive at a low speed to evaluate the brake performance. Press the brake pedal multiple times to ensure consistent braking effectiveness.

Conclusion

Regularly adjusting your brake drums is a simple yet vital task that enhances your vehicle's safety and performance. By following this guide, you can ensure that your braking system works effectively, providing you with the assurance that your vehicle will stop when you need it to. Remember, if you feel uncomfortable performing this maintenance task, it’s always a good idea to consult a professional mechanic who can handle it for you. Regular inspections and adjustments can help you save money in the long run by preventing more extensive repairs due to neglect.