How to Adjust Rear Brake Drums A Step-by-Step Guide

Proper maintenance of your vehicle’s brake system is crucial for safety and performance. Among the various components of the brake system, rear brake drums often require adjustments to ensure optimal braking efficiency. This article will guide you through the process of adjusting rear brake drums, highlighting the tools needed, safety precautions, and the step-by-step procedure.

Understanding Rear Brake Drums

Before diving into the adjustment process, it's important to understand what rear brake drums are. Unlike disc brakes, which consist of a rotor and caliper, drum brakes have a cylindrical drum that houses the brake shoes. When the brake pedal is pressed, hydraulic pressure forces the shoes against the inner surface of the drum, creating friction and slowing down the vehicle. Over time, brake shoes can wear down, and the drums may become misaligned, which necessitates an adjustment.

Tools You Will Need

To adjust your rear brake drums, you will need the following tools

1. Jack and Jack Stands To lift the vehicle safely. 2. Lug Wrench To remove the wheel. 3. Brake Adjustment Tool A specialized tool for adjusting the brake shoes. 4. Screwdriver For removing any covers or components. 5. Measuring Tools Such as a ruler or feeler gauge to check clearances if necessary.

Safety Precautions

Safety should be your top priority when performing any vehicle maintenance. Follow these precautions

1. Work on a Flat Surface Ensure the vehicle is on a flat, stable surface to prevent any rolling. 2. Use Jack Stands Never rely solely on a hydraulic jack. Always use jack stands for extra safety. 3. Wear Protective Gear Wear gloves and safety glasses to protect yourself from dust and debris.

Step-by-Step Procedure

1. Prepare the Vehicle Begin by parking your vehicle on a flat surface, engaging the parking brake, and placing wheel chocks in front of the front wheels for added security.

2. Lift the Rear of the Vehicle Use the jack to raise the rear of the vehicle. Secure it with jack stands under the frame to prevent any accidents while you work.

3. Remove the Wheel Use the lug wrench to remove the nuts and take off the wheel, exposing the brake drum.

4. Inspect the Brake Components Before making adjustments, inspect the brake shoes and drum for wear. If the brake shoes are excessively worn or the drum is damaged, they may need to be replaced.

5. Locate the Adjustment Mechanism In most vehicles, there is an access hole on the back of the brake drum where you can reach the adjustment wheel or star wheel. This is typically covered by a rubber plug that you can remove with a screwdriver.

6. Adjust the Brake Shoes Using the brake adjustment tool, turn the star wheel to adjust the shoes. Turn it clockwise to expand the shoes and counterclockwise to retract them. Aim for a snug fit where the shoes just lightly contact the drum. You might need to rotate the drum while adjusting to feel how tight the shoes are.

7. Check the Drum Rotation After making adjustments, manually spin the drum to ensure it rotates freely. If it binds or is hard to turn, the shoes may be too close, and you will need to adjust them back slightly.

8. Reassemble Once you are satisfied with the adjustment, replace the rubber plug over the access hole. Carefully put the wheel back on and hand-tighten the lug nuts.

9. Lower the Vehicle Carefully remove the jack stands and lower the vehicle back to the ground.

10. Test Drive Finally, take your vehicle for a test drive at low speeds to ensure the brakes work effectively and there are no unusual noises. Brake gently to allow the shoes to settle in.

Conclusion

Adjusting your rear brake drums is a straightforward process that can enhance your vehicle's braking performance and safety. Regular adjustments, along with general brake maintenance, can save you from costly repairs and ensure that your vehicle operates smoothly. Always remember that if you are unsure about any aspect of the adjustment process or if your brakes show signs of significant wear, it is best to consult a professional mechanic. Safe driving!