How to Change Brake Drums to Rotors A Comprehensive Guide

When it comes to vehicle braking systems, one of the most significant upgrades you can make is replacing brake drums with disc rotors. This change can enhance braking performance, reduce heat build-up, and improve overall handling. While it may seem daunting, changing brake drums to rotors is a task that many DIY enthusiasts can tackle with the right tools and knowledge. In this guide, we'll walk you through the steps to make this upgrade successfully.

Understanding Brake Systems

Before diving into the conversion process, it's essential to understand the basic differences between brake drums and rotors. Brake drums are typically found in older vehicles and some rear brake systems. They utilize brake shoes that expand outward to create friction against the inner surface of the drum. In contrast, disc brakes use rotors and brake pads. When the brakes are applied, the pads clamp onto the rotating disc, offering greater stopping power and quicker heat dissipation.

Tools and Materials Needed

Before starting the project, gather the required tools and materials

- Jack and jack stands - Lug wrench - Brake cleaner - Torque wrench - New rotors and brake pads - Brake fluid - C-clamp or brake caliper tool - Basic hand tools (ratchet set, screwdrivers, etc.) - Safety glasses and gloves

Step-by-Step Process

1. Preparation and Safety First

Always prioritize safety. Ensure you have adequate lighting in your workspace, wear safety glasses and gloves, and park the vehicle on a flat surface. Engage the parking brake before starting.

2. Remove the Wheels

Using a lug wrench, loosen the lug nuts on the wheel(s) where you will be converting the brakes. Once loosened, use a jack to lift the vehicle and secure it with jack stands. Remove the lug nuts entirely and take off the wheel.

3. Remove the Brake Drums

Locate the brake drum. If it’s stuck, tap it gently with a rubber mallet. Remove the retaining screws if applicable. Once free, pull the drum off the hub. Be prepared for some brake dust, and always work in a well-ventilated area.

4. Inspect and Remove Brake Components

Examine the brake shoes for wear. You can either replace them or keep them if they're in good condition. You will also need to remove the wheel cylinder and any other parts attached to the drum system. Document how things are assembled to make reassembly easier.

5. Install the New Rotors

Clean the new rotors with brake cleaner to remove any protective oil. Position the rotor onto the hub. Ensure it sits correctly and flush against the wheel bearing. If your vehicle uses mounting screws, ensure they are tightened correctly.

6. Attach the Brake Caliper and Pads

Install the brake caliper bracket onto the rotor. Insert the new brake pads into the caliper brackets. Use a C-clamp or brake caliper tool to compress the caliper piston back into the housing if needed. This step is critical to create enough space for the new pads.

7. Reassemble and Torque

Reattach the brake caliper over the brake pads. Ensure all bolts are tightened to the manufacturer's specifications, often specified in the vehicle's service manual.

8. Reinstall Tires

Place the wheel back onto the hub, hand-tighten the lug nuts, and lower the vehicle from the jack stands. After the vehicle is back on the ground, use a torque wrench to tighten the lug nuts to the recommended torque setting.

9. Test the Braking System

Before taking the vehicle for a drive, pump the brake pedal a few times to seat the pads against the rotors. Check the brake fluid level and add more if necessary.

Lastly, it's advisable to take the car for a short test drive to ensure everything is functioning correctly and to perform a brake test in a safe area.

Conclusion

Changing brake drums to rotors is an excellent way to upgrade your vehicle's braking system. With careful attention to detail and following the right procedures, you can improve stopping power and safety. Always refer to your vehicle's manual for specific recommendations and consider consulting a professional if you have any doubts. Happy wrenching!