How to Replace Brake Drums and Shoes

Keeping your vehicle's braking system in good condition is crucial for safety on the road. Over time, brake drums and shoes can wear down, leading to reduced braking efficiency and potentially dangerous situations. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to replace brake drums and shoes, which can save you the cost of a mechanic and empower you to tackle this essential maintenance task yourself.

Tools and Materials Needed

Before you start, gather the following tools and materials

- Jack and jack stands - Lug wrench - Screwdriver (flathead or Phillips) - Brake drum puller (if necessary) - Wrench set - Brake cleaner - New brake shoes - New brake drums - Gloves and safety goggles - Brake grease

Step 1 Safety First

Always prioritize safety when working on your vehicle. Park your car on a flat, stable surface and engage the parking brake. If you're working on the front brakes, it’s also wise to block the rear wheels.

Step 2 Remove the Wheel

Using your lug wrench, loosen the lug nuts slightly while the wheel is still on the ground. Then, use the jack to lift the vehicle off the ground and place it securely on jack stands. Once secured, remove the lug nuts completely and take off the wheel to expose the brake assembly.

Step 3 Inspect the Brake Components

Take a moment to inspect the brake components. Look for signs of wear or damage on the brake shoes, drums, and springs. It’s a good idea to note how everything is assembled for when you put the new parts in.

Step 4 Remove the Brake Drum

In many cases, the brake drum will slide off easily. However, if it’s stuck, you may need to use a brake drum puller. Once you have access to the brake shoes, make sure to inspect the backing plate and other components for wear.

Step 5 Remove the Old Brake Shoes

To remove the old brake shoes, you will need to detach the springs and screws that hold them in place. Use the appropriate screwdriver or wrench for this task. Carefully note where each component goes, as you’ll need to install them on the new shoes. Take note of the configuration, or even take photographs as a reference.

Step 6 Install New Brake Shoes

Now, it’s time to install the new brake shoes. Make sure you have the correct shoes for your vehicle’s make and model. Start by attaching the new shoes to the backing plate in the same configuration as the old ones. Reconnect any springs and adjust the adjuster screw properly for the new shoes, ensuring they can expand and contract as needed.

Step 7 Clean Brake Drums

Before installing new brake drums, use brake cleaner to thoroughly clean the interior surfaces. This will remove any debris or dust that could compromise braking performance. Ensure that the new brake drums are also clean and free from grease or fingerprints.

Step 8 Install New Brake Drums

Once cleaned, slide the new brake drums onto the wheel hub. Ensure they fit snugly but can rotate freely without any obstruction. If the drum doesn’t fit easily, double-check your work on the shoes and springs.

Step 9 Reassemble the Wheel

Place the wheel back onto the hub, and hand-tighten the lug nuts. After that, lower the vehicle back to the ground and use the lug wrench to tighten the lug nuts fully in a star pattern to ensure even pressure.

Step 10 Repeat on the Other Side

If you are replacing both sets of brakes, repeat the process on the other side of the vehicle. Consistent wear on brake components usually necessitates changing both sides for balanced braking.

Step 11 Test Drive

Once everything is reassembled, take your vehicle for a test drive. Start slowly and be sure to test the brakes gently to ensure they are functioning properly. Listen for any unusual noises, and pay attention to how the vehicle handles.

Conclusion

Replacing brake drums and shoes may seem daunting, but with the right tools and a bit of patience, it’s a manageable DIY project. Regular maintenance of your braking system not only prolongs the life of your vehicle but also ensures your safety and that of others on the road. Should you encounter any unexpected issues during your replacement, don’t hesitate to consult a professional mechanic. Remember, your brakes are not something to compromise on!